The role of the Enfield "greased cartridge" in the outbreak of the Indian Rebellion of 1857-1858 is carefully handled. Greased Cartridges of Which Rifle Was One of The Immediate Causes of The 1857 Sepoy Uprising? The greased cartridges in the newly introduced Enfield rifles was the immediate Cause of the Revolt of 1857’. The news spread that the grease was made of cow and pig fat. Any man who scored seven points with 20 rounds at that range was designated a marksman! This is because. GI#: 101549179. Das Magazin fasste acht Schuss. The origins of the rifle actually go back to the earlier era of the British Empire, when the European military designers suggested that a barrel with grooves inside would improve accuracy. Each day, Live History India brings you stories and films that not only chronicle India’s history and heritage for you, but also help create a digital archive of the 'Stories that make India' for future generations. While the Pattern 53 ushered in the era of the rifle it was to be short-lived as breech-loading technology was developed. While British socket bayonets had relied upon a so-called “zig-zag” slot to fix them to the muzzle—which often blocked the foresight - the Pattern 53 adopted a French method that included a rotating locking ring on the socket of the bayonet. 1853 Pattern Rifled Musket; Enfield rifle. Introduced in the British Army by the War Department during 1854 in the Crimean War, they proved very effective at a range of 50 to 300 yards (270 m). Oh, Yes. The use of iron bands to retain the barrel had been common with French weapons since the middle years of the eighteenth century and is why this model is often noted for having French influences. Most famously, the introduction of the Enfield rifle to Indian troops (sepoys) in 1857, issued with cartridges lubricated with mutton tallow, provided one of the catalysts to the Great Mutiny of 1857. This had hurt both Hindus' and Muslims' religious sentiments which was one of the causes of the sepoy mutiny of 1857. After further refinements the Pattern 1853 Rifled Musket arrived. This rifled musket had a barrel that was a metre long (99 cm) and three distinctive bands. For more than 150 years historians have maintained that India’s first revolt against British rule broke out at least in part over a gun—to be precise, the muzzle-loading Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle-musket. The era of the smoothbore musket—which had been "good enough" at Waterloo—was truly a weapon whose time had passed. The firearm action was invented by the American Jacob Snider, and the Snider-Enfield was one of the most widely used of the Snider varieties. Showing and discussing the loading of the 1855 Enfield cartridge and Pritchett Bullet. In 1853 Sepoys throughout India were issued with a new rifle, the Pattern 1853 Enfield rifled musket. Like its predecessor, the Baker rifle, the Enfield was loaded through the gun’s muzzle. The role of the Enfield "greased cartridge" in the outbreak of the Indian Rebellion of 1857-1858 is carefully handled. A rumour spread among the sepoys that the grease used to lubricate the cartridges was a mixture of pigs’ and cows’ lard. The First British Empire (1583–1783) saw great technical innovation in naval development and small arms. The Lee-Enfield rifles were the mainstay of the British and their Commonwealth partners through both World Wars. The Enfield Pattern 1853 rifle arrived just when it was needed, and it was clear that what worked at Waterloo would not suffice in the coming conflict. The rebellion was due to the introduction of the Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle. Like the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand that sparked World War I, the issue of the greased cartridge from the new Enfield rifle was the immediate cause of this revolt. The “Greased Cartridge Affair:” Re-Examining the Pattern 1853 Enfield Cartridge and Its Role in the Indian Mutiny of 1857 The rifle featured cartridges that contained 68 grains of black powder and had a ball that was typically 530-grain Pritchett or Burton-Minié. Enfield Pattern 1853 Percussion Rifle Musket cartridges, 1857 (c) Cartridges for most muzzle-loading firearms of the period took the form of a paper tube containing a ball and powder. As the saying goes, the sun never set on the British Empire. 1853 Pattern Rifled Musket; Enfield rifle. And from the cool, damp British Isles was built the largest empire by landmass the world had ever known. Even Rani Lakshmibai fought one of her most valiant battles here, Nasiruddin Haider’s royal tailor, Makka Darzee, sponsored an imambara, a Qadam Rasool and a mosque in Khairabad, Luis de Menezes Braganza: Goa’s Crusader for Freedom, Luis de Menezes Braganza, the Goan aristocrat who wielded the power of the pen to inspire Goa’s march to freedom. This greased cover had to be bitten off before the cartridge could be loaded into the rifle. History teachers and textbooks have repeated, ad nauseam, that the cartridges had to be ‘bitten’ before the bullets could be used, and that they had been greased with pork and beef fat. The grizzly aftermath of the Revolt resulted in the British monarch directly taking charge of India, and the Queen’s Proclamation of 1858 was read out all over the country on the 1st of November. As a result, many Pattern 1842 muskets were converted into rifles while the British Army adopted the Regulation Pattern 1851 Minié rifle, which was a major technological step forward yet looked only slightly different from Pattern 1842 musket. Its cartridges were covered with a greased paper cover. The Snider was a type of breech loading rifle. But the 1853 Enfield Musket had found its mark. The “Greased Cartridge Affair:” Re-Examining the Pattern 1853 Enfield Cartridge. I have read both. The main difference between the two was in the rifling, which was a new type of rifling done exclusively at the factory in Enfield. Here’s a clue to what we’re talking about: a rifle that was first issued by the armed forces in Britain in 1855 and in India in 1857. Were the cartridges for the Enfield rifle really greased in pig and cow fat, or was that just a rumor? For the next century, most refinements in firearms were limited to more expensive “sporting” or hunting rifles, and the common soldier was left with cruder firearms. The Company had upgraded to the new Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle, which used greased paper cartridges. Loading of the Enfield rifle required tearing off one end of the greased cartridge using one's teeth which was made of: (1) Cow fat (2) Sow fat (3) Both b. This provided the opportunity for circulating rumours that the paper was sealed with animal grease, either beef tallow or pork lard. $899.00 . The rifle needed an extraordinary kind of loading of a cartridge in the magazine and hence the soldiers while in the ensuing fight, had to bite off the outer covering of the cartridge while loading it down into the rifle’s muzzle. The “Greased Cartridge Affair:” Re-Examining the Pattern 1853 Enfield Cartridge and Its Role in the Indian Mutiny of 1857 Each of the weapon’s paper cartridges contained a precise amount of powder and a .577- caliber Minié ball. Another target was used from 650 to 900 yards and it offered a three-foot bull's eye. Seller: CAALEX . Origin of the Mutiny The immediate cause of the Indian Revolt of 1857, or Sepoy Mutiny, was a seemingly minor change in the weapons used by the British East India Company's troops. Just one shot in 437 had any effect; clearly, there was room for improvement. When the rumour of the grease used on the cartridges spread, the sepoys were furious. I am definitely very happy with it and it's definitely the nicest one I have. It was called the Enfield rifle or the Enfield Pritchett rifle. But it was fired by a percussion cap, which enabled it to be fired in all weather, even India’s monsoon rains. This had hurt both Hindus' and Muslims' religious sentiments which was one of the causes of the sepoy mutiny of 1857. I have read both. The immediate cause of the Sepoy Mutiny in India in 1857 was the belief that the Lee-Enfield rifle's cartridges were greased with cow and/or pig … 17th-19th century only, not 20th. WikiMatrix. The Webley & Scott Xocet Bolt Action Rimfire Rifle was designed and developed in conjunction between Webley & Scott and a leading German firearms manufacturer. The introduction of the Enfield 1853 rifled musket tipped the soldiers into open rebellion. The .303 British cartridge was designed specifically for that rifle, and later on, when the Lee-Metford was replaced with the Lee-Enfield, the Powers That Be kept the existing caliber. This most certainly played into the British use of squares that had proven so successful against cavalry attacks at battles such as Waterloo. The Sepoys in the East India Company were first issued with the Enfield Pattern 1853 rifle-musket in 1857. The immediate cause of the Sepoy Mutiny in India in 1857 was the belief that the Lee-Enfield rifle's cartridges were greased with cow and/or pig … The introduction of the Enfield 1853 rifled musket tipped the soldiers into open rebellion. 1896 Enfield LE1 303 New Zealand NZ Lee Metford . The rifle featured cartridges that contained 68 grains of black powder and had a ball that was typically 530-grain Pritchett or Burton-Minié. Enfield Cartridges and tallow grease A consignment of [the Enfield cartridges] was sent out to India in 1853 to test its keeping qualities (not for firing purposes): the grease made at Enfield was composed of tallow from beef and pork fat. This originated from a desire to produce a Rimfire Rifle that would not only provide shot after shot accuracy but would also be manufactured using the latest in technological innovation and production processes. Contemporary studies indicated that at the Battle of Salamanca some 8,000 enemy soldiers were wounded or killed—yet some three and a half a million cartridges had been fired. During 1857, rumours began to circulate among the Bengal Army's sepoys that the cartridges were deliberately greased with pig and cow fat, offensive to … The inadequacy of the smoothbore musket was further brought to attention in the trials carried out when the Pattern 1842 musket—one of the post-Brown Bess percussion cap muskets to be adopted—was tested by Captain McKerlie of the Royal Engineers in 1846. Justify the statement. Then, a wad of cloth was rammed back to keep the powder and ball packed into place. The rebellion was due to the introduction of the Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle. © Copyright 2020 Center for the National Interest All Rights Reserved. The main difference between the two was in the rifling, which was a new type of rifling done exclusively at the factory in Enfield. Asking them to bite these cartridges was tantamount to asking them to give up their faith!While the textbooks say that the sepoys had to ‘bite the bullet’, none of them explains why. Join our mailing list to receive the latest news and updates from our team. At the same time, the technical advances of the Industrial Age ushered in new methods of production and this led to the development of what would be one of the most important firearms in the history of the British Empire—the Enfield Pattern 1853 Rifle. It was believed that the cartridges that were standard issue with this rifle were greased with lard (pork fat) which was regarded as unclean by Muslims, or tallow (beef … Although it was the immediate cause that triggered the first war of independence, long term factors also played an important role, such as military, social, religious, economic and political causes. The new Pattern 1858 gun with a different bore (0.656) was introduced to quell any uneasiness among the Indian sepoys and assurances were given that the cartridges were not dipped in beef or pork fat. After more than 125 years of use, the Brown Bess was superseded by percussion cap smoothbore muskets. The Lee-Enfield had its origins in the late 19th century, when repeating rifles firing full-powered cartridges were coming to the fore. Die Enfield Rifled Musket war die erste Waffe aus Enfield-Fertigung. 1Sanvi1 1Sanvi1 Answer: 1857. They refused to use the cartridges and were arrested for their apparent defiance. The Enfield rifle and cartridge | mangal pandey The Enfield rifle and cartridge The P-53 was officially known as the Pattern 1853 Enfield Rifle Musket. It was too late for the East India Company, which first set up trading operations and then ruled the subcontinent for over 250 years. This is the story of the ‘1853 Enfield Musket’. 4 posts • … Showing and discussing the loading of the 1855 Enfield cartridge and Pritchett Bullet. Each of the weapon’s paper cartridges contained a precise amount of powder and a .577- caliber Minié ball. It was during this time that “Brown Bess”—less commonly known as the Land Pattern Musket—was introduced. Crossing several oceans and continents, from the sweltering heat of Central India in the summer of 1857 to the trenches of Petersburg in 1864, Brett Gibbons ties together the fascinating history of Enfield rifle-musket ammunition. This is noted in Lt. Col. H. Bond's Treatise on Military Small Arms and Ammunition, where he noted that the testing found that the rifle “should never be opened beyond 150 yards, and certainly not exceeding 200 yards.”. But it was fired by a percussion cap, which enabled it to be fired in all weather, even India’s monsoon rains. The age of the rifle had begun. Discussions related to firearms that do not fit in anywhere else. "The P-53 Enfield rifle made use of a Metford-Pritchitt cartridge that necessitated the use of a heavy paper tube containing 2½ drams (68 grains) of musket powder and a 530-grain (34 g), pure lead bullet. Discontent had been simmering among the sepoys for some time and, ironically, the anger at the cartridges was the trigger for the Revolt of 1857. They refused to use the cartridges and were arrested for their apparent defiance. Its cartridges consisted of a .577 inch ball projectile and a charge of gun powder propellant wrapped in waterproofed cartridge paper. Before this, muskets were loaded with powder from a powder horn, after which a lead ball was removed from a separate pouch and rammed into the barrel with a ramrod, which was tucked under the barrel when not in use. Plus, I can't let a good shooter go completely to waste. This allowed for the bayonet to be easily fitted and with a slight turn secured in a way that prevented it from detaching. I didnt plan on shooting it at first but the BH already has a nice ring around it so I don't feel as bad. Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle-musket Who introduced a system of 5-yearly inspections and temporary tax farmers? The Company had upgraded to the new Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle, which used greased paper cartridges. At this time, the Enfield rifle was introduced in the army. The Queen’s Proclamation, Read out on 1st Nov 1858|Wikimedia Commons, Birth of India and Pakistan, Division of Punjab. Author Marina Wheeler captures the period of Partition of India in her book ‘The Lost Homestead’. Who introduced a system of 5-yearly inspections and temporary tax farmers? A rumour spread among the sepoys that the grease used to lubricate the cartridges was a mixture of pigs’ and cows’ lard. 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