Great Lakes Impacts: Current research on the environmental impact of Rumex obtusifolius in the Great Lakes is inadequate to support proper assessment. Segments in the outer whorl are small and spreading while the inner whorl forms fruit valves, which are widely ovately-triangular. Rumex obtusifolius on Wikipedia. The leaves of this plant can grow to about 30 cm (12 in) in length and 15 centimetres (5.9 in) wide. The Rumex genus includes a number of species including R. acetosa (garden sorrel), R. scutatus (French sorrel), R. crispus (yellow or curly dock), R. obtusifolius (broadleaf dock), R. sanguineus (bloody dock), and more. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Wind. Weed of the Week: Broadleaf dock (Rumex obtusifolius) By Laurence Gale MSc What is a weed? BROAD-LEAVED DOCK Rumex obtusifolius. In Romania, the leaves are sometimes used as an alternative to other plants in the making of sarmale. The foliage of mature dock plants may be from one to three feet tall, depending on growing conditions, but in early spring, when it's at its most delicious, the smaller plants may be hard to spot. Weeds take valuable space, water, sunlight and nutrients that may otherwise be accessible … [1] The leaves of this plant can grow to about 30 cm (12 in) in length and 15 centimetres (5.9 in) wide. Curly and broadleaf dock . Rumex obtusifolius. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. Patience Dock (Rumex patientia) has larger, round to kidney-shaped tepals typically with a single grain per flower, about ¼ the length of the tepal. "Rumex obtusifolius is a PERENNIAL growing to 1 m (3ft 3in). It is in flower in May. Regrowth from the rosette usually takes place in spring. Join the RHS today and support our charitable work, Keep track of your plants with reminders & care tips – all to help you grow successfully, For the latest on RHS Shows in 2020 and 2021, read more, RHS members get free access to RHS Gardens, Free entry to RHS members at selected times », Reduced prices on RHS Garden courses and workshops, Our Garden Centres and online shops are packed with unique and thoughtful gifts and decorations to make your Christmas sparkle, General enquiries The tap root can be up to 90cm (3ft) in length. Excellent for ordinary use in appropriate conditions. broad-leaved dock synonym: Rumex sylvestris. Habit: Perennial herb, glabrous, papillate or not; taproot vertical. [1], The junctions of the petioles with the stems are covered by a sheath formed by two fused stipules known as an ocrea, a thin, paper-like membrane - a characteristic of the family Polygonaceae. [1] It is a plant growing readily on arable land, meadows, waste ground, roadsides, ditches, shorelines and riverbanks, woodland margins, forest clearings, and orchards. [9], In George Eliot's Adam Bede, set in the early 19th century, broad dock leaves were used to wrap farmhouse butter. the RHS today and get 12 months for the price of 9, Other common names Rumex obtusifolius ← → Synonyms (former Scientific Names): Acetosa oblongifolia . Our Botanical team are working hard to increase the number of plants with detailed information. Bitter Dock (Rumex obtusifolius) has broad, heart-shaped basal leaves and tepals with a few large teeth around the edge. Generally problem free. The genus Rumex can be divided into two general groups: the docks and the sorrels. Early in the year cuckoo flower (Cardamine pratensis) is common, meadow foxtail (Alopecuris pratensis)is known to occur around the margins of these pools. [1], The name, Rumex obtusifolius, was assigned by Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century, and has remained unchanged, although there are numerous subspecies. [1] It has been an invasive species of the Great Lakes region of North America where it was first sighted in 1840. Upright sprays of small, green and red flowers are followed by similar-coloured fruit which then … Rumex obtusifolius is a PERENNIAL growing to 1 m (3ft 3in). Description: Perennial 60–100 cm high, branching from about the middle; not rooting at nodes. Rumex obtusifolius, commonly known as bitter dock,[1][2] broad-leaved dock, bluntleaf dock, dock leaf or butter dock, is a perennial plant in the family Polygonaceae. Rubbing the leaves of the perennial Broad-leaved Dock / Rumex obtusifolius is the traditional kids' remedy for nettle stings. Gledhill, David (2008). I’ll focus on these, with which I have lived in a number of gardens. suppliers. It is in flower from Jun to October, and the seeds ripen from Jul to October. RHS Garden Hyde Hall Spring and Orchid Show, Free entry to RHS members at selected [citation needed], Rumex obtusifolius is widely distributed throughout the world. [1] In the UK, the invertebrate herbivore species is a leaf beetle, Gastrophysa viridula. Stem basal part almost unbranched, upper branches quite erect. NATURALIZED. [1] Broad-leaved dock is designated an "injurious weed" under the UK Weeds Act 1959. A nuisance weed too. 222879/SC038262, If you enter just a plant name, you will see results from the old RHS Plant Finder and Selector databases. Grows naturally in waste and cultivated land, grassland and marshy places and can become a persistent garden weed, Propagation R. obtusifolius is a robust, tap-rooted perennial to 1m or more, with smooth, oblong, long-stalked leaves. Broad-leaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius subsp. [citation needed] Dried seeds are used as a spice. Search by plant name, key attributes or both to find plant details and a list of It is hardy to zone (UK) 5. Rumex obtusifolius: larger, veiny-patterned parts of the flower with marginal teeth, only 1 of which with a tubercle near the center (vs. R. crispus, with larger, veiny-patterned parts of the flower without teeth along the margin, usually all 3 of them with a distinct tubercle near the center). Native Introduced Native and Introduced. : Status: Mix of Australian natives and exotics. [12], Various parasites and predators of R. obtusifolius include 32 insect species and 12 fungi species. R. obtusifolius, native to Europe, invaded the northern part of Japan at the end of the nineteenth century. [6], Rumex crispus - curly dock - is similar in appearance, but with thinner and wave-like leaves. Virtually all of the features of the old searches are still available and in addition we have added several new features to create a more comprehensive and user friendly search experience. Flowers occur in clusters on the upper portions of elongated stems. 020 3176 5800 We have combined these two powerful search tools into a single Find a Plant service searching over 250,000 plant records. times, Need more criteria? Rumex obtusifolius. It was also introduced to many areas of Central America, South America, Australia (including Tasmania), and New Zealand. For A. rumicis research, this host plant is generally targeted because it is found highly within the moth's range. 1-1.5 metres, Ultimate spread broad-leaved dock batter dock, bitter dock broad dock butter dock keddle dock kettle dock, Family [7], In the United Kingdom, the plant is often found growing near stinging nettles and there is a widely held belief that the underside of the dock leaf, squeezed to extract a little juice, can be rubbed on the skin to counteract the itching caused by brushing against a nettle plant. Cambridge University Press. Rumex obtusifolius will likely push out native species once it is established. Both are delicious wild edible plants, and each group deserves its own article. A tea prepared from the root was thought to cure boils. & Nam, S.-H., 2006. d. By dadalia. Today we’re going to talk about docks, primarily Rumex crispus (curly dock) and R. obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock). Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Height: 50–130 cm (20–50 in.). They are: This plant will provide nectar and pollen for bees and the many other types of pollinating insects. 0.5-1 metres, Time to ultimate height [1][5], Rumex obtusifolius is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant that grows to a height of 40 to 150 cm (16 to 59 in). Rumex obtusifolius on the New England Wildflower Society’s GoBotany site. Polygonaceae, Genus The Plants Database includes the following 57 species of Rumex . Look for the tall, dark brown, branched flower stalks that produced the prior year's seed crop. Rumex crispus: larger, veiny-patterned parts of the flower without teeth along the margin, usually all 3 of them with a distinct tubercle near the center (vs. R. obtusifolius, with larger, veiny-patterned parts of the flower with marginal teeth, only 1 of which with a tubercle near the center). R. obtusifolius and R. longifolius mainly grow in dry and wet sites, respectively 1,17. Rumex obtusifolius L. APNI* . Rumex obtusifolius. [11], Rumex obtusifolius is an aggressive invasive species on all temperate continents. Leaves are hairless, often with short stalks and may … The Royal Horticultural Society is the UK’s leading gardening charity. Rumex can be annuals, biennials or perennials with mostly basal, simple leaves and erect panicles or racemes of small greenish or reddish flowers followed by reddish-brown, triangular fruits, Details [1] It is easily recognizable by its very large oval leaves with cordate bases and rounded tips, some of the lower leaves having red stems. Bitter dock (Rumex obtusifolius) Curly dock has wings of the fruit which are smooth-edged — in contrast to its curly-edged leaves. Wildlife Gardens Wildflower meadow, Pruning Cut back prior to seed setting to avoid self-seeding, Diseases Bitter dock is native to many areas or Europe, Asia (including Japan), and Greenland. Common name: Broad-leaved Dock Latin name: Rumex obtusifolius Other names: Broadleaf Dock, Bitter Dock, Bluntleaf Dock, Dock Leaf, Cushy-Cows, Kettle Dock, Smair Dock Family: Polygonaceae Habitat: Broad-leaved Dock is native to Europe. Flowers are up to about 1/4 inch long (3 to 6 mm), light green to pinkish, 3-sided with 2 series of tepals (petals and similar sepals) and the outer tepals much smaller than the inner. Genus Rumex is a taxonomically difficult genus as the species hybridise frequently – Nothern dock with curled dock (R. cispus), broad-leaved dock (R. obtusifolius), Asiatic dock (R. confertus), Scottish dock (R. aquaticus) and field dock (Finnish dock, R. pseudonatronatus). The grassland does flood to form pools. Rumex vesicarius is a ANNUAL. [1], Leaves of the plant can be used as salad,[1] to prepare a vegetable broth or to be cooked like spinach. Meadow dock (Rumex obtusifolius L.) plants in the fields. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. [1] Rumex was Pliny's name for sorrel,[5] while obtusifolius means 'obtuse-leaved' (obtuse + foliage). It prefers soils with high nitrogen content. Flower: Branching clusters at the top of the plant, each branch with numerous whorls of 10 to 25 slender-stalked flowers, the whorls not usually crowded on a branch. The sorrels will get their own article as soon as possible. Europe, All ratings refer to the UK growing conditions unless otherwise stated. Spreads readily by seed; root sections also regrow, Suggested planting locations and garden types The docks and sorrels, genus Rumex, are a genus of about 200 species of annual, biennial, and perennial herbs in the buckwheat family, Polygonaceae. Description: Broad-leaved Dock is a perennial, aromatic weed. Basal leaves with petiole usually longer than lamina, stem leaves with shorter petiole; lamina oblong-ovate, to 23 cm long, to 10 cm wide, flat, … 5 mm (0.2 in.) Flower Seed Head. L.; broadleaf dock . It is native to Europe, but is found on all temperate continents. Rumex obtusifolius on the University of Massachusetts Landscape, Nursery & Urban Forestry Program. [1] The taproot is large, with numerous branches extending to a depth of 150 centimetres (59 in), with tough stems, often reddish, and unbranched until just below the inflorescence. It is hardy to zone (UK) 5. [1] The edges of the leaves are slightly "crisped" or wavy, the upper surface is hairless and the under surface may be papillose. Miscellaneous: Large genus of 200 species containing both useful plants grown for their edible leaves in soups and sauces (e.g., Common Sorrel: Rumex acetosa), and to wrap butter (Butter Dock: (Rumex obtusifolius) and all out weeds such as Dock. Members of this genus are very common perennial herbs with a native almost worldwide distribution, and introduced species growing in the few places where the genus is not native. Mon – Fri | 9am – 5pm, Join the RHS today and support our charity. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. Scientific Name: Rumex spp. It grows at altitudes up to 2,300 metres. Some are nuisance weeds, but some are grown for their edible … It was introduced to Canada and the United States. Leaf: blade 20--40 cm, 10--15 cm wide, widely ovate to oblong, base generally cordate, margin generally entire, flat, tip obtuse to +- acute. In more detail, the calyx of curly dock has smooth margins while the calyx of broad-leaved dock has horned margins. [1][6] Seedlings can be identified by the oval leaves with red stems and rolled leaves sprouting from the center of the plant. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Wind. These plants will have a lot more details displayed including an image. Stem: 6--12 (15) dm, generally branched. The National Vegetation Survey (NVS) Databank is a physical archive and electronic databank containing records of over 94,000 vegetation survey plots - including data from over 19,000 permanent plots. Ecological and morphological characteristics of the endoparasitoids of larval, "Home remedies: dock leaves for nettle stings", "List of Invasive species in the Great Lakes Great Lakes United / Union Saint-Laurent Grands Lacs", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rumex_obtusifolius&oldid=988538738, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from September 2019, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 13 November 2020, at 20:03. Segments in the outer whorl are small and spreading while the inner whorl fruit! Gardening charity, Various parasites and predators of R. obtusifolius and R. obtusifolius and R. longifolius grow! Will provide nectar and pollen for bees and the many other types of pollinating.... Is pollinated by Wind sorrel, [ 5 ] while obtusifolius means 'obtuse-leaved ' ( +... 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